What Causes Bloat in Dogs?

Gastric Dilatation and Volvulus (GDV), more commonly known as “bloat” is a life-threatening condition that occurs most commonly in large and giant breed dogs.  The stomach fills with gas, then “flips” or twists closing off the area of the stomach then empties into the intestines preventing anything from moving through and causing damage to the tissue when the blood supply is compromised.  Non-productive retching and a painful, bloated or distended abdomen are the hallmarks.

               So, what causes this scary condition?  The truth is, no one is really sure of the exact series of events that lead to bloat, but multiple risk factors have been identified.

               As stated, large and giant breed, deep chested dogs such as Great Danes (the number one breed affected), St. Bernards, German Shepherds Weimaraners and Old English Sheep Dogs have a 25% higher incidence of developing GDV than other breeds.  Genetics and advanced age also seem to play a part.

               Stress, rapid consumption of food and feeding only one large meal per day can increase the risk.  Feeding a combination of canned and dry food in smaller portions two to three times a day, avoiding heavy exercise one to two hours before and after meals and preventing dogs from drinking large amounts of water before or after exercise may reduce the risks of GDV.

               GDV risk can also be reduced to less than 5% with a prophylactic surgery to “tack” or pexy the stomach to the body wall so it is less likely to flip.  This surgery does not prevent the stomach from filling with gas, and does not work 100% of the time.  This surgery should be strongly considered for high risk breeds and is often done at the time these dogs are spayed or neutered. 

               While the exact causes may not be known, there are many identified risk factors and many ways to reduce the chances of high-risk breeds from developing this painful and life-threatening condition.  Ask our vets for more information if you have a large or giant breed dog.

               This blog brought to you by the Patton Veterinary Hospital serving Red Lion, York and the surrounding communities.

https://www.veterinarypracticenews.com/what-causes-gastric-dilatation-volvulus/